老年患者的日常快乐和困难:日本的初级保健设置
Junki Mizumoto1,2,3, Hirohisa Fujikawa2, Masashi Izumiya1
1Department of Medical Education Studies, International Research Center for Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
JMA journal
|August 11, 2025
概括
长期护理需求的老年人报告了更多的日常困难和财务负担,尽管他们与没有护理需求的人一样体验快乐. 医疗保健提供者应该评估这些特定需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 人口老龄化面临着影响健康的重大身体和社会变化.
- 了解老年人的日常快乐和困难至关重要,但文献不足.
- 关于老年患者社会状况的自我管理问卷的可行性和可接受性仍然不确定.
研究的目的:
- 确定老年患者日常快乐和困难的分布.
- 评估自己进行的社会条件查在这个人口群体中的可接受性.
- 为医疗保健实践提供有关老年患者特定需求的信息.
主要方法:
- 在日本从2023年4月到2024年3月进行了一项描述性流行病学研究.
- 自我报告的关于日常生活活动 (ADL),日常快乐/困难以及调查可接受性的问卷分发给80岁以上的患者.
- 长期护理 (LTC) 认证水平被用来评估参与者的ADL状态.
主要成果:
- 359名患者参与,按LTC认证分类:没有 (53.5%),支持水平 (15.9%) 和护理需求水平 (28.1%).
- 67.4%的受访者表示他们每天都能享受快乐;其中包括浴 (15.6%),排泄 (20.3%) 和财务负担 (9.4%) 在内的困难.
- 与未经认证的个人相比,LTC认证的个人报告了更高的困难和财务负担,但调查仍然可以接受.
结论:
- 需要LTC的老年人与没有LTC的老年人相似地体验日常快乐.
- 然而,拥有LTC认证的个人更频繁地报告日常活动中的困难,并面临更大的财务负担.
- 医疗保健专业人员应该主动询问老年患者的具体日常生活需求和挑战.
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