开发一种行为改变干预措施,以增加护理院工作人员接种流感疫苗的数量
Amrish Patel1, Sion Scott2, Alys Wyn Griffiths3
1School of Economics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
International journal of nursing studies advances
|August 11, 2025
概括
在英国,护理院工作人员接种流感疫苗的比例很低. 一项新的基于理论的干预措施解决了提高基本卫生保健工作者疫苗接种率的多重障碍.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 流感疫苗接种对于护理院居民的保护至关重要,世卫组织建议75%的员工接种疫苗.
- 在养老院工作人员中,英国流感疫苗接种率低于30%,需要改善干预措施.
- 以前的干预措施缺乏理论依据,未能解决员工接种疫苗的多方面的障碍.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种基于理论的干预措施,以增加护理家庭工作人员的流感疫苗接种率.
- 用行为科学原则解决个人和组织对疫苗接种的障碍.
主要方法:
- 利用在线问卷和与护理院工作人员的研讨会来识别和优先考虑流感疫苗接种障碍.
- 绘制了理论领域框架的识别障碍,以选择相关的行为改变技术 (BCT).
- 养老院工作人员根据APEASE标准 (可负担性,可行性,有效性,可接受性,安全性,公平性) 选择和共同设计BCT.
主要成果:
- 确定的关键障碍包括时间短缺,疫苗供应不足,成本低,同行接种率低,以及关于疫苗必要性和有效性的误解.
- 开发了一种多组件干预,包括六种BCT.
- 干预组件包括免费的现场疫苗接种诊所和信息活动,其中包括工作人员和初级保健医生,以解决风险和误解.
结论:
- 该研究成功开发了第一个针对护理家庭工作人员流感疫苗接种的理论和基于证据的干预措施.
- 需要通过最终试验进行进一步的可行性,可接受性和疗效测试.
- 这项干预有可能为政策提供信息,并改善养老院的疫苗接种覆盖率.
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