短链脂肪酸:肠道微生物群的关键抗病毒媒介
Zhiqiang Xu1, Tao Wang1, Yanjin Wang1
1State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-Reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.
Frontiers in immunology
|August 11, 2025
概括
由肠道细菌产生的短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 通过各种信号通路增强抗病毒免疫力. 了解这些机制为管理病毒性疾病和改善流行病准备提供了潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群显著影响宿主免疫力,但微生物代谢物的特定信号通路尚不清楚.
- 短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 是关键的细菌代谢物,在宿主生理学中起着已知的作用.
- 通过SCFA调节抗病毒免疫力的精确机制需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 审查和总结SCFA调节宿主抗病毒免疫力的详细机制.
- 探索SCFA介导信号对病毒性疾病管理和流行病准备的影响.
- 突出SCFA产生细菌在增强抗病毒防御方面的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于研究抗病毒免疫中SCFA介导信号的研究.
- 分析涉及G蛋白合受体 (GPCRs),基因素脱乙酶 (HDACs) 和代谢途径的机制.
- 综合当前关于SCFA在宿主-病原体相互作用中的作用的知识.
主要成果:
- SCFA 涉及多种途径来调节抗病毒免疫力,包括GPCR介导,HDAC介导和代谢信号传递.
- 这些途径涉及免疫细胞功能和宿主防御反应的直接和间接调节.
- 有证据表明,SCFA可以促进或增强对各种病毒感染的抗病毒反应.
结论:
- SCFA是抗病毒免疫的关键媒介,通过多种分子机制起作用.
- 准SCFA的产生或信号传递是对病毒感染的有前途的治疗策略.
- 对SCFA与宿主相互作用的进一步研究对于开发针对病毒性疾病和流行病准备的新型干预措施至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:50What is Monogastric Digestion?
72.5K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
72.5K
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
643
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
643
01:27Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry
361
Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
361
01:18Surface Membrane Barriers
1.5K
The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
1.5K
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
330
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
330
01:23Antimicrobial Proteins
5.2K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
5.2K