基于可穿戴传感器的步态参数的建模和验证,用于帕金森病患者的认知障碍患者
Guo Hong1,2, Fengju Mao1,2, Mingming Zhang3
1Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|August 11, 2025
概括
可穿戴传感器可以通过分析步态参数来检测帕金森病 (PD) 患者的认知障碍. 这项技术提供了一种非侵入性方法,用于早期风险识别和改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 认知障碍是帕金森病 (PD) 的重要非运动症状,影响生活质量和疾病进展.
- 在PD中关联运动和认知缺陷的机制尚未完全理解.
- 可穿戴传感器技术为客观步态分析和识别患有认知衰退风险的PD患者提供了一种新的非侵入性方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种诊断模型,用于使用可穿戴传感器衍生的步态参数预测PD患者的认知障碍.
- 将机器学习方法与步态分析相结合,以提高PD认知障碍预测的准确性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及早期至中期PD患者的横截面研究,数据包括人口统计,病史,认知分数和基于可穿戴传感器的步态参数.
- 用38个变量训练和评估了后勤回归和6个机器学习模型,通过ROC曲线,AUC,DCA,校准曲线,PR曲线和SHAP分析来评估性能.
- 在认知得分 (MoCA,MMSE) 和关键步态参数之间进行了相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 鉴定了PD认知障碍的7个独立风险因素,包括PD持续时间,UPDRS-III分数,步骤长度,步行速度,步行时间,臂峰值角速度和方向盘时峰值角速度.
- 后勤回归模型实现了卓越的预测性能,测试组AUC为0.957.
- SHAP分析强调了步骤长度,UPDRS-III分数,PD持续时间和转向过程中的峰值角速度作为关键预测指标,发现步态较差和认知分数较低之间存在显著的关联.
结论:
- 来自可穿戴传感器的步行参数显示了PD认知障碍生物标志物的潜力.
- 这项研究揭示了PD中运动和认知功能障碍之间的复杂相互作用.
- 将步态分析与机器学习,特别是后勤回归集成,为早期检测和对PD认知衰退的风险分层提供了可扩展的,非侵入性的方法,改善了临床决策和患者的结果.
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