没有的泡呈现不完全的有氧和无氧生物降解,产生氧化还原特异性副产品,并转移微生物群落
Michael Penrose1, Mahsa Modiri2, Vicente Gomez-Alvarez3
1ORISE Participant at Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Environmental science. Processes & impacts
|August 11, 2025
概括
无泡 (F3) 在有氧条件下显示显著的生物降解,但留下持久的残留物. 无氧降解是有限的,形成有关副产品和减少微生物多样性,挑战目前的安全评估.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 和多基基物质 (PFAS) 正在逐步从灭火泡中淘汰.
- 无泡 (F3) 正在作为替代品出现,但它们的环境命运尚不清楚.
- 标准生物降解性测试可能无法完全捕捉F3泡对环境的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在有氧和无氧条件下全面评估F3表面活性剂的生物降解.
- 为了确定F3泡的降解途径,副产品和生态影响.
- 评估F3替代品当前生物降解性测试协议的充分性.
主要方法:
- 经合组织修改的生物降解测试协议.
- 高分辨率质谱仪 (HRMS) 用于副产品的识别.
- 微生物群落分析,以评估生态影响.
主要成果:
- 有氧系统去除了超过80%的溶解有机碳 (DOC),但粘性表面活性物质仍然存在于污泥中.
- 无氧系统显示<5%的DOC去除,副产品积累和显著的微生物多样性减少 (79%).
- 非目标HRMS确定了21种副产品,包括未表征的化合物,并揭示了专业微生物表面活性剂水解的潜力.
结论:
- 标准的生物降解性测试对于F3泡来说是不够的,因为它们错过了污泥阶段的残留物和氧化还原特异性副产品.
- 无表面活性剂可能会留下持久的残留物,可能会重新分配环境风险.
- 需要先进的分析框架来准确评估F3泡替代品的环境安全性.
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