痴呆症诊断后死亡率和医疗保健利用率的性别差异
Jay B Lusk1,2,3,4, Cassie B Ford2, Samir Soneji2
1Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
JAMA neurology
|August 11, 2025
概括
患有痴呆症的男性的死亡率和医疗保健利用率高于女性. 针对男性痴呆症患者的干预措施可以显著减少痴呆症.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 性差异越来越被认为是影响痴呆症结果和医疗保健差异的一个因素.
- 了解这些基于性别的变化对于开发有针对性的干预措施和改善患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究被诊断患有痴呆症的人群中性别和死亡率之间的关联.
- 检查性与在痴呆症诊断后使用医疗保健服务之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的队列研究,利用2014年至2021年的医疗保险入学数据.
- 纳入标准:5,721,711名65岁以上的患有痴呆症诊断码的患者,以及之前的费用服务医疗保险入学.
- 分析涉及Cox比例危险回归来估计死亡率和医疗保健服务使用危险.
主要成果:
- 与女性患者相比,患有痴呆症的男性患者的全因死亡率 (调整后的危险比率1.24) 和住院率 (调整后的危险比率1.08) 显著提高.
- 男人也显示出与神经退行性疾病或行为障碍相关的临终关怀,神经影像服务和住院住院的风险增加.
- 女性患者的1年死亡率较低 (21.8%对27.2%),住院率较低 (46.9%对50.5%).
结论:
- 男性的性别与痴呆症患者的死亡率和医疗保健服务利用率的增加有关.
- 旨在降低男性痴呆患者的死亡率和医疗保健使用率的策略可能会为公众健康带来重大益处.
- 鉴于女性痴呆的发病率较高,预防措施对于实现痴呆结果的基于性别的健康平等至关重要.
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