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Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage
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65岁的肺炎球菌疫苗接种和高危成年人的疫苗接种覆盖率:法国的一项以人口为基础的回顾性研究
Benjamin Wyplosz1, Benjamin Grenier2, Nicolas Roche3
1AP-HP, Hospitalisation à Domicile, Département Adulte, Institut Pasteur, Centre Médical, Paris, France.
法国肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率仍然很低,尤其是65岁以上的人群. 与流感疫苗接种不同,年龄本身不会增加高危成年人肺炎球菌疫苗接种率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 50岁以上的年龄是肺炎球菌疾病的风险因素,但在法国并不是疫苗接种的指示.
- 2018年,肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率明显低 (4.5%),低于风险成年人流感疫苗覆盖率 (43.6%).
- 这凸显了可预防的呼吸道感染疫苗接种策略的差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估2020年法国人口中肺炎球菌和流感疫苗覆盖率.
- 确定与更高的疫苗覆盖率相关的因素,特别关注65岁及以上的个人.
- 在高危人群中比较肺炎球菌和流感疫苗之间的疫苗接种趋势.
主要方法:
- 2020年国家卫生服务覆盖成年人的回顾性分析.
- 使用经过验证的算法识别有风险的患者.
- 通过分析报销的肺炎球菌 (PCV13,PPSV23) 和流感疫苗来评估疫苗覆盖率.
主要成果:
- 2020年,确定了7,336,769名风险成年人;整体肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率为9.9%,流感疫苗覆盖率为51.1%.
- 65岁以上的人群的流感疫苗覆盖率显著增加 (OR 4.14) 但肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率没有增加 (OR 1.02).
- 与流感疫苗覆盖率不同的是,肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率在患有并发病的人群中仅略有增加,在65岁以上的免疫功能低下的人群中减少.
结论:
- 在法国,肺炎球菌疫苗覆盖率在65岁以上没有显著增加,与流感疫苗接种形成鲜明对比.
- 这些发现表明,基于年龄的肺炎球菌疫苗接种建议可以改善高危老年人群的覆盖率.
- 目前的疫苗接种策略可能需要修订,以更有效地解决与年龄相关的肺炎球菌疾病风险.
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