拉丁美洲严重精神疾病人口的心血管风险评估:一项观察性研究
Juan Rivas1, Carlos Miranda2, Anita Restrepo3
1Hospital Departamental Psiquiátrico Universitario del Valle, 76003 Cali, Colombia; Departamento de Psquiatría, Universidad del Valle, 76003 Cali, Colombia; Departamento de Psquiatría, Fundación Valle del Lili, 76003 Cali, Colombia; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, 76003 Cali, Colombia.
Actas espanolas de psiquiatria
|August 12, 2025
概括
患有严重精神疾病的患者因生活方式和医疗因素而面临更高的心血管疾病风险. 解决血压和吸烟等可修改风险对于改善生存和生活质量至关重要.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 患有严重精神疾病 (SMI) 的患者的预期寿命显著缩短 (15-20年),主要是由于心血管疾病 (CVD).
- 不健康的生活方式,包括身体不活动,饮食不良,吸烟,肥胖和某些药物,有助于增加该人口中的心血管疾病风险.
- 这项研究调查了在专业精神卫生保健中心住院的SMI患者中的心血管风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 描述严重精神疾病住院患者中心血管风险因素的患病率.
- 在这个患者队列中评估10年和30年心血管风险得分.
- 确定与心血管风险增加相关的关键人口和临床因素.
主要方法:
- 来自366名住院SMI患者的人口和临床数据的回顾性分析 (2022年1月至12月).
- 利用弗雷明汉10年和30年风险评分来量化心血管风险.
- 采用后勤回归来进行统计分析,以确定重大风险因素.
主要成果:
- 确定的主要心血管风险因素包括女性性别,更高的学术水平,高静脉血压 (>150 mmHg),高甘油三水平 (>150 mg/dL),高禁食葡萄糖 (>100 mg/dL),吸烟以及心血管疾病家族史.
- 妇女平均年龄 (44.7岁) 比男性 (37.8岁) 大 (p < 0.001).
- 很大一部分患者已经完成了高中 (54.9%) 和单身 (81.1%).
结论:
- 在患有严重精神疾病的患者中,心血管疾病风险的发病率显著.
- 多种生活方式和医疗因素与增加10年和30年死亡风险有关.
- 控制可改变的风险因素 (血压,脂质,葡萄糖,吸烟) 和管理药物副作用对于改善SMI患者的生存率和生活质量至关重要.
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