高分辨率CT检测结果与肺功能的相关性,在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的周产期艾滋病毒感染青少年中
Du Plessis Anne-Marie1, Githinji Leah1, N M Nyathi2
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children's Hospital and South Africa Medical Research Council Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Pediatric pulmonology
|August 12, 2025
概括
高分辨率CT (HRCT) 在患有围产期获得的HIV (PHIV) 的青少年中显示出马赛克衰减和支气管切除. 这些HRCT发现与1秒内强迫呼气体积减少 (FEV1) 强烈相关,表明气道阻塞.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 放射学 放射学是指放射学
背景情况:
- 慢性肺病是患有围产期获得的艾滋病毒 (PHIV) 的青少年的一个重大问题.
- 高分辨率计算机断层扫描 (HRCT) 对于表征慢性肺部变化非常有价值.
- 了解HRCT结果与肺功能之间的关系对于管理PHIV患者至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查 HRCT 发现与患有围产期艾滋病毒的青少年肺功能之间的关联.
- 确定特定的HRCT异常是否与空气流阻塞和扩散能力的测量相关.
主要方法:
- 在开普敦青少年抗逆转录病毒队列 (CTAAC) 中对100名青少年的前性评估.
- 在患有异常肺功能 (FEV1 <80%或DLCO <80%) 或症状的参与者中进行了HRCT.
- 螺旋计 (支气管扩展前后) 和DLCO与HRCT发现相关.
主要成果:
- 所有100名参与者都显示出异常的HRCT发现,其中马赛克衰减 (73%) 和支气管病 (39%) 是最常见的.
- 马赛克衰减和支气管病变的程度与FEV1降低有很强的相关性 (rs = -0.5,p < 0.001).
- 没有发现HRCT发现与扩散能力 (DLCO) 之间的相关性;大多数异常并非对支气管扩展剂有反应.
结论:
- 马赛克衰减和支气管切除是PHIV青少年常见的HRCT发现.
- 这些HRCT异常的程度是功能性气道阻塞的可靠指标.
- 人类肺复原试验的结果对于评估肺部疾病的严重程度和指导这一群体的管理是有价值的.
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