一个集成的多媒体建模系统,用于区域到全国范围的和作物生产率评估
Yongping Yuan1, Xiuying Wang2, Verel Benson3
1Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
概括
增加肥和肥的应用大大增加了农业的损失,尽管玉米产量仅略有增加. 更好的营养管理对于环境保护和可持续食品生产至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态系统建模 生态系统建模
背景情况:
- 过度的农业营养物流失造成了严重的环境和生态损害.
- (N) 肥料和便是营养污染的关键因素.
- 需要有效的建模来评估农业实践对N损失的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估在美国连续地区的不同肥料管理方案 (FMS) 下的玉米谷物产量和损失.
- 评估增加的应用和在FMS中加入动物物的影响.
- 利用一个集成的多媒体建模系统 (IMMMS 1.0) 来模拟这些影响.
主要方法:
- 采用集成多媒体建模系统版本1 (IMMMS 1.0),将空气,陆地表面和流域流程联系起来.
- 对比了两个FMS:2006年的FMS (基于2006年的肥料销售) 和2011年的FMS (基于2011年的肥料销售和肥).
- 经过验证的模拟玉米谷物产量与历史报告价值相比.
主要成果:
- 2011年的FMS,N应用增加了21.2%,显示玉米产量增加了5%,但总N损失增加了49.3%.
- 与2006年FMS (R2 = 0.60) 相比,2011年FMS (R2 = 0.51) 中作物N吸收与N应用的相关性较弱.
- 2011年FMS中的动物便导致营养过剩和高损失,特别是在太平洋和南部平原地区.
结论:
- 增加的应用,特别是便,导致不成比例的较高的损失,影响环境质量.
- 改善肥料营养管理对于减轻营养过剩和保护空气和水质至关重要.
- IMMMS 1.0是评估替代管理方案和解决农业可持续性和环境问题的一个有价值的工具.
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