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大气LiDAR回声信号的光子计数方法基于波形分解的波形分解信号

He Chen, Jia Gong, Siying Chen

|August 12, 2025

概括

这项研究引入了一种新的波形分解方法,以准确计算大气LiDAR系统中的光子,克服光子脉冲堆叠导致的信号扭曲. 该技术显著提高了光子计数率,扩大了测量能力.

科学领域:

大气科学大气科学
光学工程的光学工程.
信号处理信号处理

背景情况:

大气LiDAR系统面临着光子计数率和扭曲,这是由于光子脉冲堆叠在光倍子管 (PMT) 输出中.
这种扭曲限制了传统光子计数方法的精度和有效测量范围.

研究的目的:

开发LiDAR回声信号的先进光子计数方法,克服光子脉冲堆叠引起的和扭曲.
为了提高大气LiDAR系统的精度和扩大测量范围.

主要方法:

提出了一种新的波形分解技术,利用PMT的单光子脉冲响应作为基础函数.
莱文伯格-马奎特优化算法用于将单个光子组件从复杂的波形信号中分离出来.
二级算法识别并插入"缺失"光子被堆叠遮蔽,解决初始参数确定问题.

主要成果:

拟议的方法成功地分离了模糊的光子组件,即使在堆叠的脉冲中也能够进行准确的计数.
对于1GHz采样回声信号,相对于传统的峰值检测,光子计数率的上限从200MHz增加到500MHz.
这代表了LiDAR中光子计数的有效测量范围的显著扩大.

结论:

波形分解方法有效地解决了大气LiDAR中的光子计数率和扭曲.
这一进步提高了LiDAR系统的可靠性,并扩大了用于大气测量的运行范围.

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