改善获得原始和初级中风预防的机会:全球考虑
Nada El Husseini1, Michelle Nichols2, Mayowa Owolabi3,4,5
1Department of Neurology Duke University Durham NC USA.
Journal of the American Heart Association
|August 12, 2025
概括
大多数中风是可以通过改变生活方式和管理风险因素来预防的. 公平获得这些原始和初级预防策略至关重要,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家,以减少全球中风发病率和残疾.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 脑卒中是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因之一.
- 尽管有进展,但低收入和中等收入国家的发病率正在上升.
- 预防策略是缓解这一趋势的关键.
研究的目的:
- 审查原始和初级中风预防策略.
- 确定可采取行动的做法,以改善获得预防的机会.
- 突出政策和全民方法的作用.
主要方法:
- 现有文献和策略的专题综述.
- 对行为和药物预防方法的分析.
- 检查社会,商业和政策的决定性因素的访问.
主要成果:
- 大多数中风可以通过原始预防 (避免风险因素的出现) 和初级预防 (风险因素管理) 预防.
- 策略包括行为改变 (饮食,运动,戒烟) 和药物治疗.
- 访问受到社会,环境,文化和政策因素的限制.
结论:
- 公平获得预防中风是必不可少的.
- 新的风险因素 (精神压力,污染,饮食,性别特异性) 需要注意.
- 动员多层次的努力是有效实施中风预防的必要条件.
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