极端高温事件的时间很重要:在寄生期间的暴露会破坏自上而下的控制
Nicholas A Pardikes1,2, Tomas A Revilla3,4, Gregoire Proudhom3,4
1Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. nicholas.pardikes@usu.edu.
Oecologia
|August 12, 2025
概括
极端高温事件会破坏物种相互作用,特别是当它们与寄生虫相吻合时. 暴露于热量的时间显著影响寄生虫率和结果,影响生态系统功能.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在增加极端高温事件的频率和强度.
- 热极端对物种相互作用和生态系统功能的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 相对于生命史特征的热暴露时间可能会影响物种相互作用的结果.
研究的目的:
- 评估热暴露的时间如何影响热带植物及其寄生虫之间的相互作用.
- 了解热暴露对寄生虫率和结果的后果.
- 评估不同生命阶段对热应激的不同脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 实验室微观世界的实验与九个热带Drosophila-寄生虫物种组合.
- 与寄生虫事件相比,在不同的时间对受控的热暴露.
- 模拟建模分析热量和寄生虫的联合影响.
- 对不同生命阶段 (成年人与幼虫) 的耐热性进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 当暴露于热量与寄生虫相吻合时,相互作用受到最负面的影响,降低了寄生虫率.
- 在寄生症后暴露于热量也降低了一例病例的发病率;在寄生症前暴露的效果很小.
- 热量和寄生虫的联合影响通常是附加的,没有证据表明早期暴露于热量的延迟后果.
- 主体和寄生虫的成年人表现出比它们的幼虫阶段更大的耐热性.
结论:
- 相对于物种的生命史和相互作用,极端高温事件的时间对于确定它们的生态影响至关重要.
- 寄生虫活动期间的热暴露会损害自然敌人的有效性,可能会破坏自然和农业系统中的种群动态.
- 生命阶段的不同耐热性表明,在食物相互作用中对气候变化影响的敏感性各不相同.
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