宫癌查,HPV疫苗接种和宫癌消除
Xuan Quy Luu1,2, Jae Kwan Jun1,3, Mina Suh1,3
1Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea.
JAMA network open
|August 12, 2025
概括
实施高危人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 检测和疫苗接种可以加速韩国消除宫癌. 最佳的查策略,特别是 hrHPV 检测,显示出最早的疾病根除潜力.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 子宫癌仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,需要采取战略来加速其消除.
- 评估查和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种的综合影响对于公共卫生工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计各种宫癌查策略与HPV疫苗接种相结合对韩国疾病负担的影响.
- 模拟不同查和疫苗接种方案对宫癌发病率和死亡率的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 使用一个确定性,年龄结构化的动态模型来模拟HPV传播和宫癌的进展.
- 该模型包含了2024年至2100年的韩国人口的性行为和人口结构.
- 模拟考虑了帕帕尼科劳 (Pap) 测试和高风险HPV (hrHPV) 测试策略以及HPV疫苗接种.
主要成果:
- 对20岁以上的女性进行两年一次的巴普测试与基于巴普的策略中最少的病例 (47,358) 和死亡 (34,242) 相关,使死亡率降低了10%.
- 每2-3年进行一次HPV检测,病例减少了高达27%,死亡减少了13%,最早可能在2038年消除.
- 理想情况下,70%的查和90%的疫苗接种覆盖率可以预防额外的12%的病例和7%的死亡,hrHPV测试可以在2034年前消除.
结论:
- 在韩国,更高的查和HPV疫苗接种率显著降低了宫癌发病率和死亡率.
- 预计每隔2年或3年进行一次HPV检测,到2034年实现最早的宫癌消除.
- 这些发现强调了优化查和疫苗接种政策对于消除宫癌的重要性.
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