环境空气污染和老年乳腺癌患者的死亡率
Yaguang Wei1, Edgar Castro2, Kanhua Yin3
1Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
|August 12, 2025
概括
空气污染,包括细颗粒物 (PM2.5),臭氧和二氧化 (NO2),增加了老年乳腺癌患者的死亡风险. 控制空气污染可能会提高这些患者的生存率.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 有限的大规模证据表明空气污染对乳腺癌患者死亡率的影响.
- 新兴研究表明,空气污染与乳腺癌幸存者的死亡率增加之间存在联系.
研究的目的:
- 评估长期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5),臭氧和二氧化 (NO2) 和死亡率之间的关联.
- 评估全国老年乳腺癌患者队列中的这些风险.
主要方法:
- 使用SEER-Medicare数据库构建了一个593,333名年龄≥65岁 (2000-2016) 的乳腺癌患者队列.
- 估计了高分辨率空气污染物度 (PM2.5,臭氧,NO2) 并与患者邮政编码联系起来.
- 为了确定死亡危险比率,使用了多种共变量调整的三种污染物考克斯模型.
主要成果:
- 增加对PM2.5,臭氧和NO2的暴露与乳腺癌患者的死亡风险增加有关.
- 在PM2.5,1-ppb臭氧和1-ppbNO2中增加1μg/m3的危险比率分别为1.0048,1.0021和1.0022.
- 这些污染物有助于每年过度死亡,在较低的暴露水平和特定患者亚组中观察到更大的影响.
结论:
- 长期暴露于环境空气污染物 (PM2.5,臭氧,NO2) 是老年乳腺癌患者死亡的重要风险因素.
- 实施保护措施和空气污染控制战略对于改善这一群体的生存结果至关重要.
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