医疗信息回避的流行和预测因素:系统审查和元分析
Konstantin Offer1,2,3, Natalia Oglanova4, Lisa Oswald1
1Center for Adaptive Rationality (ARC), Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
近三分之一的人避开医疗信息,其中神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默氏症) 的比例最高. 诸如信息过载和感知的耻辱感等认知因素是关键预测因素,而不是人口统计数据.
科学领域:
- 健康心理学 心理健康心理学
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 避免医疗信息是医疗保健专业人员和决策者日益关注的问题.
- 医学信息回避的流行程度和预测因素仍然不太清楚.
- 尽管可访问性增加,但许多人推迟或阻止获得与健康相关的信息.
研究的目的:
- 对医疗信息回避进行系统审查和元分析.
- 为了澄清这种行为的全球流行和预测因素.
- 提供关于避免医疗信息的全球实证证据的见解.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA和MOOSE指南进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括来自国家卫生研究院 (NIH) 的个人参与者数据集.
- 使用随机效应和混合效应模型进行数据分析.
主要成果:
- 分析了92项研究和6个数据集 (564,497名参与者,25个国家).
- 据估计,在各种疾病中,医疗信息回避的流行率为24-41%.
- 被认定为认知最强的预测因素:信息过载,感知耻辱,自我效能和对医疗系统的信任.
结论:
- 几乎三分之一的人避免或可能避免医疗信息.
- 对于亨廷顿病 (40%) 和阿尔茨海默病 (41%) 观察到的避开率最高.
- 认知因素为政策干预和未来研究提供了潜在的目标.
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