在初级保健中危险饮酒的查和超短干预的有效性:实用集群随机对照试验
Ryuhei So1,2,3,4, Kazuya Kariyama5, Shunsuke Oyamada6
1CureApp, Tokyo, Japan nexttext@gmail.com.
概括
一个由医生进行的超短暂干预没有显著减少日本初级保健中危险饮酒者的酒精摄入量. 该研究将这种干预措施与仅简化评估进行了比较,没有发现有效性的证据.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 初级保健研究研究初级保健研究
背景情况:
- 危险饮酒是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 初级保健机构为早期干预提供了机会.
- 目前日本初级保健中危险饮酒的干预措施有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估医生提供的超短暂干预 (<1分钟) 是否可以降低危险饮酒患者的酒精消费.
- 将这种干预与日本初级保健中的简化仅评估方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在日本的40个初级保健诊所进行了一项实用集群随机对照试验.
- 包括1133名年龄在20-74岁之间的门诊患者,他们有危险饮酒 (男性AUDIT-C分数≥5,女性≥4).
- 诊所被随机分配到超短干预或仅进行简化评估.
主要成果:
- 在24周,超短干预组和对照组 (27.8g/4wk,P=0.75) 之间没有观察到总酒精消耗的显著差异.
- 同样,在12周后,酒精消费量在两组之间没有显著差异 (54.9g/4wk,P=0.49).
- 没有证据表明超简短的干预措施对减少酒精摄入量或改变饮酒行为的有效性.
结论:
- 在这个日本初级保健机构,医生提供的超短暂干预措施在降低危险饮酒者的酒精摄入量方面没有效果.
- 仅通过简化评估就能获得与超简短干预相似的结果.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来探索在初级保健中有效的危险饮酒策略.
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