工作事故中的性别差异从西班牙语的自由文本中提取,使用自然语言处理
Jocelyn Dunstan1,2,3, Valentina Campaña-Herrera4, Luis Miranda4,5
1Department of Computer Science, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. jdunstan@uc.cl.
BMC public health
|August 12, 2025
概括
男性的职场事故比女性更多,通常是由于与利物体接触,而女性则面临跌倒. 自然语言处理 (NLP) 分析了智利职业健康数据,揭示了这些工作事故模式.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球北方数据显示,劳动事故和职业病的性别差异显著.
- 对于其他地区的职业健康趋势,数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 分析智利劳动事故机制中的基于性别的差异.
- 证明自然语言处理 (NLP) 对大规模职业健康数据分析的实用性.
主要方法:
- 利用NLP从智利的35万份职业健康入院报告中提取事故机制.
- 使用自由文本分析和国际劳工组织 (ILO) 命名法规化的职业.
- 采用大型语言模型与人类专家注释用于机制提取验证.
主要成果:
- 在57.3%的事故中,男性受到了影响,女性受到了影响42.7%.
- 常见的男性职业包括操作员;常见的女性职业包括清洁.
- 主要事故机制:男性接触利物体;女性从同一个高度落.
结论:
- NLP有效地从非结构化文本中提取关键的职业事故数据.
- 共享的代码和提示方便其他机构和国家提取数据.
- 未来的研究将涉及到通勤事故和职业病.
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