在足球训练期间应用的不同冲刺和加速度练习的速度动态
Ricardo Pimenta1,2,3,4, Filipe Maia5, Hugo Silva5
1Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Maia, Maia, Portugal. rjl.pimenta@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|August 12, 2025
概括
不同的冲刺练习会影响足球运动员的加速和速度. 40米线性冲刺 (LS40m) 最大限度地提高了峰值速度,而30米追逐冲刺 (CS30m) 提高了峰值加速,为特定的训练目标提供了量身定制的演练.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 冲刺在足球中至关重要,经常先进行低强度运动.
- 了解不同练习对速度和加速的影响对于训练至关重要.
- 跑步疲劳显著影响了球员的表现.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较各种冲刺练习对年轻足球运动员速度和加速度动态的影响.
- 确定哪些钻机最能提高峰值加速度和高速跑距离.
主要方法:
- 40名19岁以下和23岁以下的足球运动员进行了五种不同的冲刺练习:LS30m,LS40m,15m边界跑+30m冲刺 (15BR+LS30m),15m边界跑+40m冲刺 (15BR+LS40m) 和30m追逐冲刺 (CS30m).
- 在高速运行 (>95%的最大速度) 和峰值加速度下完成的量化距离.
- 统计分析使用p值和效果大小 (d) 来比较钻探性能.
主要成果:
- CS30m钻机的峰值加速率最高 (7.09 ± 1.25 m/s2),明显高于15BR+LS30m,LS30m和LS40m钻机.
- 在LS40m钻探中,最大距离超过最大速度95% (2.42 ± 4.82 m),远远超过LS30m和15BR+LS30m.
- 峰值加速似乎受到冲刺方法的影响,CS30m可能会受到激励刺激的推动.
结论:
- LS40m钻机有效提高峰值速度,应考虑用于速度和腿筋调节计划.
- 在实现更高的峰值加速方面,CS30m钻机优越,这可能是由于竞争刺激.
- 应根据特定的训练目标进行钻探选择,无论是最大限度地加速还是最高速度.
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