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相关概念视频

X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
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X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

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X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

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对衍射格槽图案的精确描述.

Anton Kochetkov, Andrey Shaykin, Ivan Yakovlev

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    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    这项研究提出了一种新的方法,可以同时测量衍射网格中的非等距离和非平行. 该技术准确地量化波面扭曲,这对于光学系统性能至关重要.

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    Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
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    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System
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    Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures
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    科学领域:

    • 光学和光子学 在光学和光子学.
    • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

    背景情况:

    • 带有非等距离和非平行沟的衍射格引入波浪线扭曲.
    • 这些缺陷改变了与几何形状相比的有效表面形状.

    研究的目的:

    • 展示一种用于同时测量槽非等距离和非并行性的方法.
    • 在没有事先信息或安装参数的情况下确定测量误差.

    主要方法:

    • 利用以前提出的方法来测量槽非等距离.
    • 扩展了用于同时非平行测量的方法.
    • 在没有先验信息或拟合参数的情况下进行错误分析.

    主要成果:

    • 实现的RMS误差为有效轮的2nm,非等距离的4 x 10^-7和槽倾斜角度的4.5 x 10^-7.
    • 证明测量具有0.27mm的空间分辨率.
    • 测量RMS波面扭曲为10 ± 2纳米的制造格子 (320 x 230毫米孔径).

    结论:

    • 开发的方法可以准确地同时表征衍射格的不完美.
    • 这种技术对于制造高性能光学元件至关重要.
    • 结果表明,在量化波面扭曲方面,其精度很高.