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整个寿命的神经运动功能:百分比从6岁到80岁

Tanja H Kakebeeke^1,2, Jon Caflisch¹, Aziz Chaouch³

¹Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience

|August 13, 2025

概括

神经运动功能在童年迅速发展,在成年早期达到顶峰,并随着年龄的增长而下降,因任务和性别而异. 高BMI会对平衡和总体运动能力产生负面影响.

科学领域:

神经学神经学
人类运动发展人类运动发展
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

神经运动功能对于日常活动至关重要,并且在一生中经历了显著的变化.
了解这些与年龄相关的动态对于临床评估和干预至关重要.
苏黎世神经运动评估 (Zurich Neuromotor Assessment,简称ZNA) 为评估运动技能提供了一个标准化工具.

研究的目的:

研究从6岁到80岁的神经运动功能的发育轨迹.
使用苏黎世神经运动评估 (ZNA) 建立神经运动性能的参考曲线.
为了确定各种运动任务的峰值性能和下降模式的年龄.

主要方法:

在11项研究 (1983-2023) 中,分析了来自1620名个人 (年龄为6至80岁) 的神经运动数据.
根据年龄和性别模拟的14个运动任务的表现,控制程序变化.
动机性能转换为标准偏差分数 (SDS) 的五个ZNA-2组件:精细电机,纯电机,平衡,毛电机,和相反的相关运动.

主要成果:

儿童早期运动功能的快速增加,在20-40岁之间停滞不前,随后大多数任务的下降.
峰值性能和下降率的年龄因任务而异;肌肉力量任务的下降速度比孤立的运动任务快.
男性的高峰期比女性晚1年;高BMI (SDS>1) 与较差的平衡和总运动功能相关.

结论:

神经运动功能在整个生命中表现出动态,年龄和性别相关的变化.
特定的运动任务显示出不同的发展曲线和下降模式.
高BMI会对平衡和总体运动能力产生不利影响,突出显示干预的潜在目标.

关键词:

苏黎世神经运动评估 (ZNA)衰老的衰老衰老的衰老身体质量指数 (BMI) 是指身体质量指数.寿命长度寿命长度发动机发展发动机发展神经运动性能的百分位数.

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