语言流双重任务显示较大的与年龄相关的认知运动干扰:行走表现的元分析
Kenneth Harrison1, Keven Santa-Maria Guzman1, Brandon M Peoples1
1Auburn University.
Research square
|August 13, 2025
概括
较年长的成年人在双重任务行走时比年轻的成年人体验到更大的步行速度减少. 语言流利的任务,与连续减法不同,显著损害了老年人的步态,突出了与年龄相关的认知运动整合变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 认知双重任务下的步态在年轻人和老年人中得到了广泛的研究.
- 然而,不同认知任务对步态的具体影响仍然不清楚.
- 了解这些差异对于老龄化人口的流动性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在双重任务行走过程中量化与年龄相关的步行速度差异.
- 调查认知任务类型作为这些年龄相关差异的调节者.
- 探索对认知运动整合和康复的影响.
主要方法:
- 在Web of Science上进行了系统的文献搜索,寻找比较年轻人和老年人的研究.
- 22项研究涉及544名年轻人和511名老年人,符合纳入标准.
- 随机效应元分析被用来比较单任务和双任务条件下的步行速度,认知任务作为调节者.
主要成果:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人在步行速度方面表现出明显更高的双重任务成本 (g = -0.2612,p = 0.0261).
- 语言流利性任务导致了更大的,与年龄相关的步行速度的显著差异 (g = -0.4744,p = 0.0191).
- 序列减去任务显示了较小的,与年龄无关的,与步行速度无关的效应 (g = -0.1412,p = 0.3474).
结论:
- 语言流利性任务在老年人中强加独特的神经资源竞争,影响步行控制.
- 这种特定任务的脆弱性表明,与年龄相关的认知-运动集成的变化.
- 针对执行职能的康复可能有助于保持老年人的流动性.
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