与流离失所人口的"毕业方法"生计计划的有效性和实施:系统审查
Lauren N Yan1, Yuwei E Wang2, Fred Mubangizi3
1Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21205.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|August 13, 2025
概括
这次系统性审查发现,毕业模式计划在改善流离失所人口的生计方面有效性的高质量证据有限. 未来的研究需要解决方法论的严谨性和长期结果.
科学领域:
- 为流离失所人口提供社会经济干预措施.
- 生计支持计划的生计支持计划.
- 系统审查方法论系统审查方法论
背景情况:
- 毕业模式计划被人道主义行为者广泛使用,以提高流离失所人口的可持续生计.
- 这些计划旨在通过提高经济稳定和福祉来解决健康的社会决定因素.
- 评估这些模型在流离失所环境中的有效性和实施是至关重要的.
研究的目的:
- 评估毕业干预措施对流离失所人口粮食安全,就业,生活条件,社会福祉,贫困和援助依赖的影响.
- 确定影响这些计划在流离失所环境中的实施,可行性和可持续性的障碍和促进者.
主要方法:
- 2002-2024年同行评审和灰色文献的系统综述,重点关注流离失所的成年人的毕业干预措施.
- 搜索了8个学术数据库和11个执行机构网站,使用混合方法评估工具评估研究质量.
- 来自乌干达,莫桑比克,哥伦比亚和哥斯达黎加进行的五项纳入研究 (N=28,873) 的结果的叙述综合.
主要成果:
- 粮食安全结果总体上是积极的,但定量数据有限;就业结果很少报道.
- 大多数研究表明生活条件有所改善,而社会福利和贫困的结果与测量限制不同.
- 实施障碍和促进者是复杂的,突出了社区层面支持的需要;可行性取决于灵活的实施,可持续性取决于土地所有权和市场依赖等因素.
结论:
- 尽管报告的结果总体上是积极的,但缺乏系统的,高质量的证据,证明毕业课程在流离失所者环境中的有效性和实施.
- 研究严谨性和结果指标一致性的重大缺陷限制了定量综合和强有力的结论.
- 未来的研究应该优先解决反事实,长期成果和实施挑战,以更好地评估这些重要计划.
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