在没有通用常规废水基础设施的城市,对环境病原体进行监测
Drew Capone1, Marcia Chiluvane2, Victoria Cumbane2
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|August 13, 2025
概括
在各种水和土壤矩阵中对环境病原体的监测可以为缺乏传统废水服务的低收入国家提供公共卫生信息. 这项在莫桑比克的马普托进行的研究强调了病原体的存在和流动,为减少暴露和干预策略提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 废水流行病学 废水流行病学
背景情况:
- 污水监测对社区健康至关重要,但在低收入和中等收入国家由于缺乏传统服务而受到限制.
- 除了污水处理厂之外的环境监测,在资源有限的环境中提供了公共卫生洞察的潜力.
- 了解各种环境矩阵中的病原体分布是评估暴露风险和告知干预措施的关键.
研究的目的:
- 探索环境监测对莫桑比克的公共卫生的实用性,莫桑比克的Maputo是一个具有有限常规废水基础设施的城市.
- 测量各种环境样本中的病原体,源追踪标记物和便指标细菌度.
- 评估环境病原体监测的潜力,以告知公共卫生反应和干预策略.
主要方法:
- 从WWTP流入/流出,地表排放,河水,土壤,开放下水道,雨水和便污泥中收集的样本.
- 利用多并行RT-qPCR检测各种各样的病原体在所有环境矩阵.
- 开发了一个聚合回归模型来分析病原体度及其与降水等环境因素的关联.
主要成果:
- 在所有采样矩阵中检测到广泛的病原体,揭示了复杂的病原体流动力学.
- 病原体度在处理过的废水,表面排放,排水,河水和雨水中较低,而不是WWTP的影响.
- 增加的7天累积降水与所有矩阵中较高的聚合病原体度显著相关.
结论:
- 环境病原体监测是一种可行的策略,用于在缺乏综合性废水系统的城市地区为公共卫生响应提供信息.
- 在各种环境组件中经常检测到病原体,突出显示了潜在的暴露途径和针对性干预的必要性.
- 调查结果支持扩大环境监测方法,以加强公共卫生监测和预防资源有限的环境中的疾病.
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