一个结构性心脑轴调解了心血管风险和认知功能之间的关联
Akshay Jaggi1, Eleanor L S Conole2, Zahra Raisi-Estabragh3,4
1Facultat de Matemàtiques i Informàtica, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|August 13, 2025
概括
血管疾病风险会影响认知功能. 这项研究揭示了心脏和大脑结构的变化如何调解这种联系,支持结构功能模型并确定关键的成像生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 心血管和神经科学 心血管和神经科学
- 医学成像和生物标志物
背景情况:
- 较高的血管疾病风险与较差的认知功能有关,但潜在的机制仍然不清楚.
- 结构功能模型提出,血管风险导致心脏重塑,导致慢性大脑低 perfusion 和大脑损伤.
研究的目的:
- 测试结构功能模型的预测,即心脏和大脑的结构变化与血管风险和认知功能有关.
- 识别成像生物标志物并探索"心脑轴" (heart-brain axes),这些轴会调解血管风险和认知衰退之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 分析了一大批英国生物库队列 (N = 11,962) 包括血管风险因素,心脏MRI放射学和大脑结构/扩散MRI.
- 提取和分析"心脑轴",表示心脏和大脑结构测量之间的共变.
- 使用标准化测试评估认知功能.
主要成果:
- 几种心脏 (例如,左心室终端透缩体积) 和大脑 (例如,灰质体积) 的测量部分解释了血管风险-认知功能相关性.
- 一个特定的"心脑轴" (心肌强度较低,灰质体积较低,乳头白质完整性较差) 完全介导了这种关联.
- 大脑结构变异并不能完全解释心脏结构和认知功能之间的关联,这表明一种更复杂的关系.
结论:
- 这些发现提供了支持结构功能假设的证据,该假设将血管风险,心脏重塑和认知功能联系起来.
- 确定了新的成像生物标志物和"心脑轴",阐明了心血管健康和大脑功能之间的关系.
- 产生了关于心血管风险影响认知衰退的复杂途径的新假设.
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