看到语音:预语言聋人和听力用户中语音感知神经机制
Annahita Sarré1, Laurent Cohen1,2
1Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, Paris, France.
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|August 13, 2025
概括
辅助语音 (CS) 通过将唇读与手势结合起来,增强聋人的沟通能力. 这项研究揭示了聋人与听觉CS用户的不同大脑区域激活,突出了独特的视觉和语言处理途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 单纯的口唇阅读不足以充分理解语音,因为其内在的模糊性.
- 辅助语音 (CS) 可视传递语音信息,改善聋人语言和沟通能力.
- 基底的神经机制Ced Speech感知还没有很好地理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定大脑区域涉及到 Cued 语音感知.
- 确定这些区域在视觉和语言处理中的作用.
- 为了比较聋人和听力障碍者之间的神经处理和语音用户和对照者.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于扫描三个组:语前聋CS用户,听力CS用户和听力控制.
- 参与者观看了沉默的CS句子,孤立的唇部动作,孤立的手势,语音的CS和无意义的CS句子.
- 分析了大脑活动,以确定不同视觉刺激激活的区域及其与专业知识的关系.
主要成果:
- 在所有组中,语言区域都通过唇部运动和默默的CS句子被激活,并且仅在聋人用户中通过手势.
- 视觉文字表单区域对聋的CS用户的手势做出了反应,但对其他人来说没有显著的影响.
- 唇部运动和手势的整合发生在聋人用户的语言区域和听力用户的运动区域.
- 背部注意网络高度参与听力CS用户,与熟练程度变化的神经相关性.
结论:
- Cued Speech为语言处理提供了一个独特的视觉途径,将语音感知与阅读联系起来.
- 不同的神经网络参与基于用户专业知识 (聋人与听力) 的Cued Speech感知.
- 这项研究绘制了支持视觉语言输入方式的大脑结构的地图,为未来关于Cued Speech和相关通信方法的研究提供了信息.
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