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评估基于证据的艾滋病毒预防干预措施对非洲移民妇女的文化适应:探索性试点混合方法研究

Nipher Malika¹, Laura M Bogart^2,3, Nabila Adamu⁴

¹RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA. nmalika@rand.org.

Journal of immigrant and minority health

|August 13, 2025

概括

文化适应的艾滋病毒预防干预措施,DADA和Dada kwa Dada (DKD),在美国的非洲出生的黑人妇女中显示出高可行性和可接受性. 这些量身定制的计划旨在增加避孕套的使用和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 的吸收.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
艾滋病毒预防研究预防研究
健康差异在健康上的差异

背景情况:

在美国,非洲出生的黑人妇女面临不成比例的高艾滋病毒诊断率.
避孕套和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 等有效预防方法的不足利用加剧了这种差异.
现有的艾滋病毒干预措施往往缺乏针对这一群体的文化和语言定制,并且可能不包括PrEP.

研究的目的:

对美国非洲出生的黑人妇女进行文化适应,并评估两种基于证据的艾滋病预防干预措施的可行性和可接受性.
通过量身定制的方法,在这个高风险人群中增加避孕套的使用和PrEP的吸收.
解决文化上适当和语言上相关的艾滋病毒预防策略中的关键差距.

主要方法:

利用ADAPT-ITT模型进行文化适应的"姐妹对姐妹"和"姐妹告知姐妹关于艾滋病主题" (SISTA) 干预.
将SISTA调整为一个群体级干预 (DADA) 和Sister-to-Sister调整为一个个人级干预 (Dada kwa Dada/DKD).
在马萨诸塞州和纽约招募了29名艾滋病毒阴性非洲出生的妇女;随机分配17名到DKD和12名到DADA进行可行性和可接受性测试.

主要成果:

这两种调整干预措施,DADA和DKD,在参与者中都显示出高可行性和可接受性.
参与者提供了积极的定性和定量反,强调了干预措施的文化适当性和相关性.
该研究成功地调整了干预措施,以满足非洲出生的黑人妇女在预防艾滋病毒方面的特定需求.

结论:

文化上适应的艾滋病毒预防干预措施可以有效地交付给非洲出生的黑人妇女.
这些量身定制的干预措施表明,在这个人群中增加避孕套使用和PrEP吸收的可能性很大.
需要进一步的研究,包括一项比较有效性试验,以评估DADA和DKD对艾滋病毒预防结果的影响.

关键词:

在非洲出生的黑人女性.使用避孕套使用避孕套预防艾滋病毒预防艾滋病毒使用 PrEP 使用 PrEP.

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