电力基础设施对动物生物多样性的积极和消极影响:系统性审查
Adam J Bennett1, David M Watson2, Maggie J Watson3
1Charles Sturt University, 386 Elizabeth Mitchell Drive, Thurgoona, NSW, 2640, Australia. adbennett@csu.edu.au.
Oecologia
|August 13, 2025
概括
电力基础设施的扩张对动物生物多样性构成风险,主要是通过碰撞和电击. 有针对性的缓解策略可以减少负面影响,并可能提高某些物种的保护.
科学领域:
- 生态与环境科学 生态与环境科学
- 生物多样性保护 生物多样性保护
- 基础设施影响评估
背景情况:
- 预计到2040年,全球能源需求将增加48%,推动电力基础设施的显著扩张.
- 关于电力基础设施对动物多样性的影响的现有研究显示出混合的结果,需要全面评估.
- 关于这个话题的文献已经呈指数级增长,在发达国家,对鸟类和哺乳动物的偏见显著.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合电力基础设施对动物生物多样性的影响,跨越多个层次的生物组织.
- 确定和评估旨在减少负面影响的现有缓解措施.
- 突出有关研究较少的影响和分类组的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 进行了对评估个人,人口和社区层面影响的研究的系统文献审查.
- 分析了出版物增长的趋势和文献中的地理/分类学偏见.
- 分类报告的影响 (例如,障碍效应,资源使用) 和缓解策略 (例如,线路/塔楼改变).
主要成果:
- 大多数报告的影响都是负面的,碰撞和电击是死亡率和人口水平影响的主要驱动因素.
- 一些物种,如鱼和,通过息地供应受益于电力基础设施,这表明可能有积极的保护结果.
- 缓解努力主要集中在减少碰撞,往往忽视电磁场 (EMF),噪音和紫外线辐射的影响.
结论:
- 电力基础设施对于某些物种,特别是大型鸟类来说,是人类造成的死亡的一个重要来源,尽管不是主要的来源.
- 虽然有缓解策略,但关于各种影响途径及其对不同种类的影响,仍然存在大量的知识差距.
- 有潜力利用电力基础设施的保护,通过实施充分了解,全面的缓解措施.
关键词:
碰撞碰撞碰撞碰撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞撞电力基础设施 电力基础设施电力处决是用电来处决的息地变化 息地变化缓解缓解缓解的方法更多相关视频
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