感染Mycobacterium结核病菌会改变对HIV-1的抗体反应
Marius Zeeb1,2, Katharina Kusejko1,2, Sonja Hartnack3
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
PLoS pathogens
|August 13, 2025
概括
同时感染Mycobacterium结核病 (MTB) 对HIV-1抗体反应的影响不同. 无症状的MTB减少了HIV-1抗体,而活跃的TB则改变了抗体配置,这可能有助于预测活跃的TB进展.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 同时感染Mycobacterium结核病 (MTB) 显著改变未经治疗的HIV-1感染的过程.
- 无症状的MTB可以减少HIV-1病毒性和机会性感染,而活性结核病 (TB) 加快了艾滋病的进展.
研究的目的:
- 研究MTB同时感染对艾滋病毒-1特定抗体 (Ab) 响应对艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的影响.
- 阐明无症状MTB和活跃结核病对抗体介导的HIV-1免疫控制的差异性影响.
主要方法:
- 来自瑞士艾滋病毒队列研究 (SHCS) 的2840名艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的回顾性研究.
- 评估与MTB状态 (无症状MTB或进展为活跃结核病) 相关的HIV-1特异性血结合和中和抗体反应.
- 为关键的人口和疾病参数进行统计调整.
主要成果:
- 与没有MTB的PWH相比,无症状MTB的PWH (n=263) 呈现出降低的HIV-1抗体水平,包括Env结合和中和,与没有MTB的PWH相比.
- 后来发展为活跃结核病的PWH (n=32) 在他们的HIV-1谱中显示出对IgG3抗体的显著转变.
- 这种IgG3转移在活跃结核病临床发病前平均3.8年可以检测到.
结论:
- 无症状的MTB和活跃的TB对HIV-1特定抗体的产生有明显而显著的影响.
- 了解这些宿主-病原体动态可以为预测PWH活跃结核病的新诊断策略提供信息.
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