在工业工作场所实施听力保护计划的促进者和障碍:系统审查
Hanis Syazwani Ab Fatah1, Siti Munira Yasin2,3, Kamarulzaman Muzaini1
1Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
Occupational and environmental medicine
|August 13, 2025
概括
在工业环境中,有效的听力保护计划 (HCP) 需要管理层的支持和工人的参与. 解决培训不足和不舒服的设备等障碍对于减少噪音引起的听力损失至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 噪音引起的听力损失 (NIHL) 是高噪音的工业环境中的一个重要的职业危险.
- 目前的听力保护计划 (HCP) 面临资金,培训不足和遵守程度低的局限性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查影响工业HCP实施和有效性的因素.
- 识别HCP成功的促进者和障碍,并分析计划结果的变化.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane) 中系统地搜索文献,查找2000年至2024年间发表的研究.
- 包括各种研究设计 (RCT,观察,混合方法) 和使用EPHPP和ROBINS-I工具进行质量评估.
- 数据提取集中在HCP组件,工人特征和听力保护设备使用和NIHL发生率等结果上.
主要成果:
- 管理层的承诺,员工参与和量身定制的干预措施是改善合规性和减少NIHL的关键促进因素.
- 不一致的培训,对听力保护的不适以及与工作场所条件不一致是显著的障碍.
- 监管合规和支持性的组织文化对于成功实施HCP至关重要.
结论:
- 有效的医疗保健工作者需要特定于环境的设计,以克服工作场所的障碍,并利用促进者.
- 未来的研究应该专注于纵向研究,以评估医疗保健人员的长期影响和可持续性.
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