与艾滋病毒感染者中加密球菌囊抗原阳性相关的因素:一项回顾性观察队列研究
Fenqi Da1,2, Yi Cao1,2,3, Pengle Guo1,2
1Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510440, China.
BMC infectious diseases
|August 13, 2025
概括
加密球菌抗原 (CrAg) 阳性在感染艾滋病毒 (PLHIV) 的人群中很常见,特别是那些CD4计数较低的人群. 查所有具有CD4计数≤200细胞/μl的PLHIV可以改善早期检测并降低死亡率.
科学领域:
- 医学真菌学 医学真菌学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 艾滋病毒 医学 艾滋病毒 医学
背景情况:
- 由于Cryptococcus引起的真菌感染Cryptococcosis,对艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 构成显著的死亡风险.
- 在PLHIV中影响加密球菌囊抗原 (CrAg) 阳性性的因素尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在艾滋病毒感染者 (PLHIV) 中确定与密码球菌抗原 (CrAg) 阳性相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在1478个PLHIV中使用侧向流量检测检测了血清CrAg.
- 在脑脊液上进行了真菌培养和病理检查.
- 奇二测试和多变量逻辑回归分析了与CRAg阳性相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 总体CRAg阳性为5.1%,其中94.7%的阳性病例的CD4计数≤200细胞/μl.
- CrAg阳性与CD4计数≤200细胞/μl,抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 持续时间较短 (≤2年) 和其他机会性感染有关.
- 之前没有接受过ART的PLHIV的CRAg阳性率为6.4%,而接受过ART的PLHIV的CRAg阳性率为4.7%.
结论:
- 在以前没有接受过ART的PLHIV和经过ART的PLHIV中存在显著的CrAg阳性率.
- 较低的CD4计数 (≤200细胞/μl),较短的ART持续时间和同时发生的机会性感染与CRAg阳性有关.
- 血清CrAg查应扩展到所有CD4计数≤200细胞/μl的PLHIV,无论其ART状态如何,以提高早期检测并降低密码球菌病死亡率.
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