对CAM方法进行比较评估,以提高兽医放射学中的可解释性
Piotr Dusza1,2, Tommaso Banzato3, Silvia Burti3
1AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, Krakow, 30059, Poland. pdusza@student.agh.edu.pl.
Scientific reports
|August 13, 2025
概括
这项研究评估了11种类型激活映射 (CAM) 方法,用于在兽医X射线中解释AI. 虽然一些方法显示出希望,但没有一种方法可以普遍提高兽医的诊断信心.
科学领域:
- 兽医辐射学 兽医辐射学
- 可解释的人工智能 (XAI)
- 深度学习的解释性 深度学习的解释性
背景情况:
- 可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 方法,特别是类激活映射 (CAM),对于理解医学成像中的深度学习模型透明度至关重要.
- 在兽医放射学中对CAM方法的系统评估有限,这阻碍了它们的临床采用.
- 这项研究通过比较多种CAM技术来解决动物X射线视觉解释性的差距.
研究的目的:
- 进行对11种类型激活映射 (CAM) 方法进行比较分析,以解释兽医放射学中的AI.
- 评估通过不同的CAM技术在狗和猫的X射线图像上生成的热图的可解释性和临床相关性.
- 评估这些方法对兽医诊断信心的影响.
主要方法:
- 十一种CAM方法,包括GradCAM,XGradCAM,ScoreCAM和EigenCAM,应用于7362张狗和猫的X射线图像的数据集.
- 使用了一个ResNet18模型,根据其在特定的兽医数据集上的表现而选择.
- 进行了定量和定性评估,以评估热图的解释性和临床相关性.
主要成果:
- 与FullGrad和XGradCAM等方法相比, EigenGradCAM, EigenCAM 和 GradCAM++ 在解释性方面显示出更高的平均得分.
- 尽管性能差异很大,但没有一种单一的CAM方法能够在所有病例中始终提高兽医的诊断信心.
- 虽然一些CAM技术为特定病理提供了更好的视觉线索,但整体解释性和诊断支持有限.
结论:
- 目前的CAM方法在兽医放射学中提供了不同程度的视觉解释性,但并不能显著提高诊断信心.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发更有效的XAI技术,以适应兽医诊断成像.
- 该研究强调,需要在专业医疗领域为XAI建立强大的评估框架.
相关概念视频
01:24X-ray Imaging
7.2K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
7.2K
01:30Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
414
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
414
01:10Computed Tomography
6.2K
Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
6.2K
01:17Ultrasonography
6.0K
Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
6.0K
01:29Positron Emission Tomography
5.5K
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body...
5.5K
01:20Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
297
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
297