乳牛中的植物化学物质和单宁素:对生产绩效和乳牛发酵概况的影响
Lucas Gonzalez-Chappe1, Maria A Bruni1, Aline C Dall-Orsoletta2
1Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Av. Garzón 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|August 14, 2025
概括
在过渡期内,植物化学物质和单宁素改善了奶牛的表现和动物发酵. 这些添加剂提高了牛奶产量,促进了更健康的肠道细菌,为抗生素增长促进剂提供了替代品.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 类动物营养 类动物营养
- 乳牛管理 乳牛管理
背景情况:
- 抗生素增长促进剂 (AGPs) 在牲畜中广泛使用,但由于对抗菌素耐药性的担忧,它们面临越来越多的审查.
- 植物化学品是具有潜在的抗微生物和代谢益处的天然化合物,这使得它们成为AGPs的有希望的替代品.
- 乳牛的过渡期对健康和生产力至关重要,牛发酵起着关键作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估植物化学混合物 (curcuminoids, trans-cinnamaldehyde, piperine) 和monensin在过渡期间对放牧奶牛的表现和反发酵的影响.
- 为了比较植物化学品和素作为AGP的替代品在改善奶牛健康和生产率方面的疗效.
主要方法:
- 60头荷尔斯坦牛从产前30天到产后60天接受了对照,素 (0.30克/母牛/天) 或植物化学 (50克/母牛/天) 治疗.
- 奶牛在分娩前接受了全混合食 (TMR) 并在分娩后放牧,补充了TMR补充剂.
- 在特定的时间点评估了鲁米纳发酵参数,干物质摄入量,牛奶产量和牛奶成分.
主要成果:
- 单素和植物化学物质都改善了原生母牛的牛奶产量和乳糖百分比.
- 植物化学物质通过降低酸盐,增加酸盐,减少基因与葡萄糖基因的比率来改变类发酵.
- 这两种治疗都减少了产后的氨和原生动物种群,植物化学品在60天后显示出持续的氨减少.
结论:
- 植物化学物质和单宁素是有效的改善原生母乳牛的性能和增强牛发酵.
- 这些添加剂促进葡萄糖发酵,减少氨和减少原生动物,支持它们作为AGPs替代品的使用.
- 该研究强调了植物化学品的潜力,作为一个可行的策略,在关键的过渡时期改善奶牛健康和生产力.
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