一个多中心试点随机试验的生活方式干预预防2型糖尿病高风险个体
Raira Pagano1, Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin1, Danielle Cristina Fonseca1
1BP-A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo-PROADI-SUS, São Paulo 01323-000, SP, Brazil.
Nutrients
|August 14, 2025
概括
在巴西,一种生活方式干预 (PROVEN-DIA) 显示为预防2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的可行性. 它改善了高风险个体的饮食质量,但没有显著增加身体活动.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 前糖尿病是一种关键的T2D风险因素,往往未被诊断和治疗.
- 结构化的生活方式干预措施对于预防糖尿病是有效的,但它们在巴西公共卫生系统中的可行性是不确定的.
研究的目的:
- 评估文化适应的生活方式干预 (PROVEN-DIA) 预防2型糖尿病 (T2D) 在巴西公共卫生系统中的可行性.
- 评估干预措施对2型糖尿病高风险成年人饮食建议和体力活动水平的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心试点随机对照试验,涉及巴西2型糖尿病高风险的220名成年人.
- 参与者被随机分配到PROVEN-DIA干预组或对照组 (常规护理) 三个月.
- 主要结局包括遵守饮食建议 (BALANCE指数) 和中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA);次要结局包括饮食质量 (DQIR) 和代谢参数.
主要成果:
- 普罗文-迪亚的干预证明了可行性,其保留率为93.2%.
- 与对照组相比,干预组的饮食质量 (BALANCE指数和DQIR) 显著改善.
- 在MVPA,HbA1C,血糖或体重方面没有发现群体之间的显著差异.
结论:
- 在巴西的公共卫生背景下,PROVEN-DIA干预是可行的,并改善了T2D高风险人群的饮食质量.
- 需要进一步研究更大的样本规模和更长的随访,以确认其在预防糖尿病进展方面的有效性.
- 为了在未来的干预中加强体育活动参与,可能需要进行特定的调整.
相关概念视频
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.9K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.9K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
374
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
374
Carbohydrate Metabolism
11.7K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
11.7K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
3.2K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.2K
Atherosclerosis III: Management
35
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
35
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
692
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
692


