循环生物标志物用于早期诊断阿尔茨海默病的疾病
Vharoon Sharma Nunkoo1, Anamaria Jurcau2, Mihaela Les1
1Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Universitatii Street nr 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
International journal of molecular sciences
|August 14, 2025
概括
早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 诊断至关重要. 像p-tau217这样的血液生物标志物显示出检测粉样蛋白斑块的潜力,使轻度认知障碍的早期治疗成为可能.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 生物标志物研究 生物标志物研究
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
背景情况:
- 由于阿尔茨海默病的发病率和流行率不断增加,阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 构成了日益严重的全球健康挑战.
- 准确和早期诊断AD对于有效的治疗干预和了解疾病进展至关重要.
- 目前的诊断方法往往缺乏非侵入性,可能无法可靠地预测从轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 转化为AD.
研究的目的:
- 探索基于血液的生物标志物的实用性,用于早期和准确诊断阿尔茨海默病.
- 确定可靠的生物标志物,可以预测MCI转化为AD,并揭示致病途径.
- 为突出阿尔茨海默病的诊断工具的进步.
主要方法:
- 对阿尔茨海默病的血液生物标志物进行当前研究的综述,包括Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40比率,化tau181 (p-tau181) 和p-tau217.
- 讨论神经退行标记物 (神经丝光) 和神经炎症标记物 (状纤维酸性蛋白质) 的潜在作用.
- 考虑最近FDA批准的一种特定的p-tau217/Aβ1-42血比测定用于早期AD检测.
主要成果:
- 血液生物标志物如Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40比率,p-tau181和p-tau217显示了AD诊断的潜力,尽管依赖测试的切断值需要标准化.
- 纳入神经丝光和状纤维酸性蛋白质可以提高诊断准确度.
- 美国食品和药物管理局对Lumipulse G p-tau217/Aβ1-42血比测定的批准意味着向可访问的AD诊断迈出了一大步.
结论:
- 血液生物标志物为非侵入性,早期阿尔茨海默病诊断提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 生物标志物检测和切断值的进一步标准化是广泛临床采用所需的.
- 基于血液的诊断技术的进步,如最近批准的p-tau217试验,有助于更早地检测AD,并可能启动AD的治疗.
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