在研究平台Nimbulus-e上的软件和硬件中实施基于SLAM的在线映射和自主轨迹执行
Thomas Schmitz1, Marcel Mayer2, Theo Nonnenmacher3
1Institute of Vehicle Systems Engineering, Ulm Technical University of Applied Sciences, Prittwitzstraße 10, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
本研究介绍了一种同时定位和映射 (SLAM) 系统,用于在狭窄的空间中灵活的车辆导航. 该系统使用LiDAR和测距仪进行精确的自主轨迹执行,在模拟和物理原型中得到验证.
科学领域:
- 机器人技术 机器人技术 机器人技术
- 自主系统 自主系统
- 传感器融合式传感器
背景情况:
- 在狭窄的空间中敏捷的机动对自动驾驶汽车构成重大挑战.
- 现有系统经常在复杂环境中与实时映射和精确轨迹追踪作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 设计和实施基于SLAM的在线映射和自主轨迹执行系统.
- 为了使Nimbulus-e概念车在狭窄的空间中能够灵活操纵.
主要方法:
- 使用了带有车轮内电机和八个关联变量的转向电线系统来进行精确的控制.
- 集成的LiDAR用于实时环境映射和障碍物检测.
- 使用车辆测距数据来提高计算效率和准确性.
- 应用A*和混合A*算法用于轨迹规划和优化.
主要成果:
- 成功演示了实时环境映射和本地化.
- 实现了精确的轨迹跟踪和车辆平稳的运动.
- 通过ADAMS Car-MATLAB共同模拟和缩放物理原型验证了系统的有效性.
结论:
- 开发的SLAM系统有效地为敏捷的车辆提供了可靠和高效的导航.
- 将先进的传感器与创新的控制算法相结合,显示出自主系统的巨大潜力.
- 未来的工作重点是控制器的稳定性和将应用扩展到城市和农业环境.
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