在获得儿童心理健康护理的种族和民族差异方面,国家一级的变化
Genevieve Graaf1, Lonnie Snowden2
1School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington.
Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)
|August 14, 2025
概括
国家层面的分析显示,与白人儿童相比,黑人和西班牙裔儿童的心理健康护理差异存在显著差异. 这些未满足需求和获取的差异往往被国家平均值所掩盖,需要国家特定的政策解决方案.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 在儿童和青少年中,精神健康治疗差异得到了充分证实.
- 了解这些差异的州级变化对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查与白人儿童相比,黑人和西班牙裔儿童在未满足的心理健康需求中的州特定差异.
- 评估这些人口群体在美国各州获得心理健康护理困难的差异.
主要方法:
- 以儿童健康国家调查 (2016-2019) 数据进行综合的回顾性横截面研究.
- 用复杂的调查权重进行后勤回归,以分析未满足需求和护理准入方面的差异.
- 黑人 (vs. 白人) 和西班牙裔 (vs. 白人) 儿童的州级调整估计.
主要成果:
- 黑人儿童在四个州的未满足心理健康需求中发现了显著的差异.
- 四个州在护理准入方面存在差异,有利于黑人儿童.
- 西班牙裔儿童在七个州的未满足需求较少,但在一个州的未满足需求较多;照顾机会差异因州而异.
结论:
- 全国平均值掩盖了儿童心理健康差异的显著州级差异.
- 需要进一步的州级政策和系统分析,以解决这些差异的结构驱动因素.
- 有针对性的,国家特定的战略对于改善不同年轻人的心理健康护理公平性至关重要.
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