在两个非主流的英语方言中,SLI和没有SLI的儿童的工作记忆表现
Janet L McDonald1, Christy M Seidel2, Rebecca Hammarlund3
1Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University.
Applied psycholinguistics
|August 14, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,工作记忆任务可以识别跨非洲裔美国英语 (AAE) 和南白英语 (SWE) 方言的特定语言障碍 (SLI). 然而,方言密度可能会在这些措施中引入语言偏差.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
背景情况:
- 评估具有特定语言障碍 (SLI) 的儿童需要语言上公正的工具.
- 非主流方言可能会影响认知任务的表现,可能会混结果.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨对儿童工作记忆的方言影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定工作记忆任务是否在非洲裔美国人英语 (AAE) 和南白人英语 (SWE) 方言中具有语言公正性.
- 检查工作记忆表现是否在不同方言中区分有SLI和没有SLI的儿童.
- 调查非主流方言密度对工作记忆测量的影响.
主要方法:
- 对53名SLI幼儿园儿童和53名对照儿童进行了一项大小判断工作记忆任务.
- 参与者包括AAE和SWE的演讲者.
- 还进行了语法,词汇,智力和方言密度的标准化测试.
主要成果:
- 患有SLI的儿童在工作记忆任务中表现明显差,并且在两种方言中比对照组犯错误更多.
- 工作记忆性能与标准化语言测试成绩和方言密度相关.
- 在控制方言密度后,工作记忆任务继续区分有SLI和没有SLI的儿童,并与语法指标相关联.
结论:
- 工作记忆任务可以区分有SLI和没有SLI的儿童,并涉及跨方言的语法能力.
- 工作记忆范围和方言密度之间的相关性表明,在基于处理的任务中可能存在语言偏差.
- 需要进一步的研究才能充分理解非主流方言与工作记忆评估之间的关系.
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