环境正义指数和喘和COPD在美国社区的流行率 - - 一项基于人口的研究
Sumanth Khadke1, Vidhatri Khadke2, Ashish Kumar3
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, 41 Mall Road, Burlington, MA, USA.
Lancet regional health. Americas
|August 14, 2025
概括
具有高度社会脆弱性和环境负担的社区显示喘和COPD的发病率增加. 环境负担独立地影响阻塞性肺病的流行率,即使考虑到社会因素.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 社会和环境因素独立地影响喘和COPD.
- 这些因素对美国社区的呼吸系统疾病的综合影响是不太了解的.
- 本研究探讨了社区社会脆弱性和环境负担对喘和COPD患病率的协同作用和个人影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定社区层面的社会脆弱性和环境负担与喘和美国COPD患病率的综合和个人关联.
- 分析CDC环境正义指数 (EJI) 和其组成部分对呼吸道疾病流行率的影响.
主要方法:
- 对71,677个美国人口普查片的横截面研究.
- 将2022年CDC EJI (包括环境负担模块 (EBM) 和社会脆弱性模块 (SVM)) 与2023年CDC PLACES数据联系起来.
- 使用多变量准松回归来评估跨社会环境负担四分位数的共同变量调整风险比率.
主要成果:
- 较高的喘和COPD患病率与增加的EJI和EBM四分位数相关.
- 与负担最低的社区 (Q1 EJI) 相比,累积负担最高的社区 (Q4 EJI) 的喘 (RR:1.102) 和COPD (RR:1.156) 率显著更高.
- 增加的环境负担 (Q4 EBM) 独立地与更高的喘 (RR:1.091) 和COPD (RR:1.099) 率有关,即使在调整社会脆弱性后也是如此.
结论:
- 社区的高累积社会环境负担与阻塞性肺部疾病患病率的增加有关.
- 环境负担表明与喘和COPD患病率存在独立关联.
- 研究结果强调,在针对呼吸道疾病的公共卫生战略中,需要解决社会因素和环境因素.
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