尽管覆盖率高,但产前护理不完整:老民主共和国的地理和社会文化障碍
Hyunkyong Kim1, Hyejung Han2,3, Khammany Phommachan4
1Yonsei Graduate School of International Studies, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Frontiers in public health
|August 14, 2025
概括
及时的产前护理 (ANC) 启动和服务的完整性仍然是老民主共和国面临的挑战,特别是对于偏远和少数民族的人口. 干预措施必须解决地理和文化障碍,以改善孕产妇健康结果.
科学领域:
- 孕产妇健康 孕产妇健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 老民主共和国的孕产妇健康状况有所进步,但及时和完整的产前护理 (ANC) 的准入不均,特别是在孕产妇死亡率高的偏远地区.
- 了解ANC使用模式和障碍对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查影响早期ANC启动 (≤12周怀孕) 和适当的ANC (≥4次访问) 的因素.
- 评估老民主共和国两个北部省份的妇女对ANC基本组成部分的覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 在2023年2月,在西门庆和华邦省进行了横截面调查.
- 分层化三阶段集群采样招募了380名2岁以下儿童的妇女,通过面对面采访收集数据.
- 多变量后勤回归确定了及时和充分利用ANC的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 虽然95%的妇女至少进行过一次ANC检查,77.1%的妇女至少进行过4次ANC检查,但只有34.5%的妇女在头三个月内开始ANC检查.
- 缺乏道路通道与及时和充分ANC的几率明显降低 (aOR:0.41).
- 少数民族妇女 (Hmong-Lu Mien) 的足够ANC的几率大大降低 (aOR:0.13);服务完整性很低 (10.7%接受了所有13个组成部分),危险信号教育很少 (1.5%).
结论:
- 在老民主共和国,ACN及时启动和服务完整性的重大差距仍然存在,不成比例地影响到地理和种族边缘化群体.
- 迫切需要有针对性的干预措施来克服地理和文化障碍,提高ANC的及时性和完整性,以减少差异.
- 改善ANC服务对于在资源有限的环境中最大限度地提高孕产妇健康效益至关重要.
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