风景和季节影响蝙蝠活动和地中海大都会地区的财富
Vincenzo Meola1,2, Ioannis Ekklisiarchos3, Luca Cistrone1
1Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Evolution (AnEcoEvo), Dipartimento di Agraria Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Portici Italy.
Ecology and evolution
|August 14, 2025
概括
地中海城市的城市化对蝙蝠活动和物种丰富性产生了负面影响,城市公园提供了关键的避难所. 季节性,而不是光线是主要的驱动因素,尽管城市变暖,但冬季显著下降.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 蝙蝠生态学蝙蝠生态学
- 地中海的生态系统
背景情况:
- 城市化显著改变了生物多样性,但它对地中海城市的影响还未得到充分研究.
- 蝙蝠作为食虫者和生态系统服务提供者,是城市生物多样性的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究景观构成,人工光和季节性如何影响蝙蝠活动和地中海大都市那不勒斯的物种丰富性.
- 测试关于耐光性,城市食增强和由于城市变暖而降低季节性活动的假设.
主要方法:
- 在夏季和冬季部署的被动超声波记录器遍布12个1x1公里长的细胞,绿色空间不同.
- 分析蝙蝠活动和物种丰富度与城市土地覆盖,人工照明和季节性相关的情况.
主要成果:
- 记录了七种蝙蝠物种,其中主导的是像Pipistrellus kuhlii这样的同源性类型.
- 人工照明没有影响蝙蝠活动;城市土地覆盖面和灌木减少了活动和丰富性.
- 城市自然公园增加了蝙蝠活动和丰富性,而P. pipistrellus更喜欢农村地区.
- 季节性是最强的驱动因素,所有物种的活动和丰富性在冬季显著下降.
结论:
- 地中海城市作为环境过器,支持少数耐受性蝙蝠物种.
- 城市自然公园是关键的避难所,应该优先保护.
- 尽管城市变暖,明显的冬季下降仍然存在,需要持续监测气候驱动的变化.
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