在自闭症中,语言和即时的精神旋转努力之间的失调/关联
Caroline Larson1,2, Laura M Morett1,2, Sophie Barth1
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
概括
在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中,语言和视觉空间系统的相互作用不同. 在自闭症患者中,较强的语法技能与在视觉空间任务中效率较低的认知努力相关,与神经类型的同龄人不同.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是语言和视觉空间技能的显著异质性.
- 这些技能背后的即时认知过程可能会揭示潜在的神经分离.
- 瞳孔测量提供了一种生理测量方法,用于评估任务期间的认知努力.
研究的目的:
- 调查ASD患者结构性语言和视觉空间认知之间的即时关联.
- 使用瞳孔测量在心理旋转任务期间检查认知努力模式.
- 为了比较患有自闭症儿童和青少年与神经类型 (NT) 同龄人之间的这些关联.
主要方法:
- 参与者包括25名自闭症患者和25名年龄和智商匹配的NT对照.
- 用不同维度的人物和物体进行心理旋转任务.
- 瞳孔测量测量了认知力度,并使用语言发展测试:中间语法子级别来评估结构性语言.
主要成果:
- 没有发现平均瞳孔膨胀或认知力度时间过程中的整体群体差异.
- 在3D对象的语法技能和认知力度延迟之间的关系中出现了显著的群体差异.
- 具有较高语法技能的自闭症个体表现出更低效的认知努力,而具有较高语法技能的NT个体表现出更高效的努力.
结论:
- 与NT同龄人相比,ASD患者的语言和视觉空间系统在ASD患者中显得更加分离.
- 这些发现强调了研究ASD认知相互作用的时间动态的重要性.
- 语言技能中的个体差异会影响ASD视觉空间处理期间的认知力度分配.
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