发展能力,促进拉丁裔,西班牙裔和西班牙裔人口的医疗保健获取和质量:一个共识声明
Débora H Silva1, John A Davis Rodríguez2, Hector Rasgado-Flores3
1School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan.
JAMA network open
|August 14, 2025
概括
医学院正在开发新的能力,以改善拉丁裔,拉丁裔,拉丁裔,西班牙裔或西班牙裔 (LHS+) 人口的健康公平. 这19个能力和34个里程碑解决了LHS+社区内的各种需求.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 基于能力的医学教育 (CBME)
背景情况:
- 拉丁裔,拉丁裔,拉丁裔,西班牙裔或西班牙裔 (LHS+) 人口占美国人口的20%,面临着严重的医疗保健差异.
- 医学院的目标是为未来的从业者提供技能,为所有患者提供公平的护理.
- 基于能力的医学教育 (CBME) 是制定医学院课程的关键框架.
研究的目的:
- 发展特定的能力和里程碑,以适应LHS+人口独特的健康需求.
- 将健康公平原则纳入LHS+社区的医学教育中.
- 建立一套基本的技能,以解决LHS+健康差异.
主要方法:
- 一个由13名成员组成的国家专家工作组于2023年4月召开会议.
- 采用了经过修改的Delphi过程,涉及两轮电子调查,与76名反应堆小组成员合作.
- 共识被定义为小组成员之间80%或更大的协议.
主要成果:
- 德尔菲进程在7个领域产生了19个能力和34个里程碑,达到80%的共识门.
- 7个领域包括:LHS+个体的多样性,与LHS+社区的沟通,LHS+散居和移民,研究,伦理,以患者为中心的护理和劳动力差异.
- 最初的工作确定了21个能力和38个里程碑,在小组审查后改进到19个能力和34个里程碑.
结论:
- 开发的LHS+健康公平能力与CBME的原则保持一致,并扩展了关于边缘化人口的现有文献.
- 这些能力为医学院提供了一个框架,以解决LHS+医疗保健中的关键差距.
- 未来的努力应集中在支持教育工作者实施和评估这些新能力和相关的评估材料.
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