在ART中断期间的治疗性CD8+T细胞组织保留和免疫调节无法防止SIV反弹
M Betina Pampena1,2, Sadia Samer3, Elise G Viox3
1Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
概括
在淋巴组织 (LT) 中保留T细胞并不能在停止抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 后防止病毒反弹. 即使增强了免疫功能,局部的CD8+ T细胞也无法在分析性治疗中断 (ATI) 期间控制 Simian 免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 复制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 淋巴组织 (LT) 中持久的病毒储存是消除艾滋病毒的主要障碍,导致治疗停止后的病毒反弹.
- 细胞毒性CD8+ T细胞对于控制HIV和猿类免疫缺陷病毒 (SIV) 病毒性疾病至关重要,但它们在LT中的功能仍在争论中.
- 在抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 期间,LT局部化的CD8+ T细胞减少病毒储存或在治疗停止后控制复制的能力尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究是否在LT中保留CD8+T细胞可以在分析性治疗中断 (ATI) 期间抑制病毒复制.
- 评估增强LT中CD8+T细胞细胞分解功能的有效性,以控制病毒.
- 确定LT局部化的CD8+ T细胞在ART停止后预防病毒反弹中的作用.
主要方法:
- 接受ART治疗的SIV感染的 rhesus macaques (RMs) 接受了FTY720以抑制来自LT的淋巴细胞退出.
- 组合包括抗PD1抗体 (αPD1) 和IL-15受体超激素N-803以促进细胞分解功能.
- 在ATI期间监测了淋巴细胞分布,病毒载荷和T细胞激活/细胞毒性.
主要成果:
- FTY720成功地保留了LT中的CD4+和CD8+T细胞,但细胞毒性CD8+T细胞仍然在循环中.
- 在ATI期间病毒反弹后,SIV特异性CD8+T细胞在FTY720治疗的RM的LT中增加.
- 尽管进行了干预,但这些LT局部化的CD8+ T细胞并没有变得细胞毒性或控制血病毒性.
结论:
- 抑制淋巴细胞进入LT并没有防止SIV感染的ATI期间病毒反弹.
- 增强CD8+T细胞功能与保留策略相结合,未能控制病毒性血.
- 仅LT局部化的CD8+T细胞似乎不足以延迟或防止ART停止后的血病毒反弹.
相关概念视频
Retrovirus Life Cycles
46.8K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.8K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
72.5K
Overview
72.5K
Immunodeficiency Diseases
1.2K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
1.2K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
324
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
324


