揭开墨西哥STEM领域的学术晋升中的性别差异
Lauren Lanahan1, Claudia Gonzalez-Brambila2, Daniel Erian Armanios3
1Lundquist College of Business, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 14, 2025
概括
女性科学家更具生产力,但在墨西哥国家研究计划中被提升的可能性较低. 审查员多样性的小幅增加可以显著减少科学中的性别不平等.
科学领域:
- 科学社会学科学社会学
- 在STEM中进行性别研究.
- 研究政策分析研究政策分析
背景情况:
- 在科学领域,性别不平等仍然存在,限制了妇女的参与和进步.
- 科学领域的女性往往被限制在较低的学术等级,阻碍了个人事业和更广泛的科学进步.
研究的目的:
- 评估墨西哥国家调查员系统 (SNI) 中的生产力和晋升方面的基于性别的差异.
- 分析职业发展轨迹和学科差异在研究进步中的性别异质性.
主要方法:
- 对SNI计划 (1991-2011) 中18799名研究人员的生产力和晋升数据的分析.
- 从与SNI参与者的采访中获得的定性见解,以了解观察到的模式.
- 经验评估以确定性别差异的解释因素.
主要成果:
- 女性研究人员在SNI的所有职业阶段都表现出比男性更高的生产力.
- 与男性相比,女性获得更高晋升水平的可能性明显低.
- 例如,在晋升到第二级之前,女性发表的论文多1.2篇,但只有13%的人达到第二级,而男性只有22%.
结论:
- 虽然增加女性申请人代表性是必要的,但审查员池的性别多样性的边际增加可以大幅减少性别差距.
- "评估突出性"的概念提供了一种解决科学评估中性别不平等问题的新机制.
- 从申请人的多样性转移到审查者的多样性可能是解决科学中性别偏见更深层次的结构性问题的关键前体.
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