可生物降解的微塑料加剧了抗生素耐药性基因的风险,农业土壤中的污染
Dan Zhang1, Jianbin Sun1, Shuang Peng2
1Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|August 14, 2025
概括
可生物降解的微塑料,尽管被宣传为环保,但在农业土壤中显著增加了抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG). 这项研究表明,像PLA和PBAT这样的可生物降解塑料丰富了ARG,挑战了它们的环境安全性,并突出了农业生态系统中的风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 是一个主要的全球健康问题,农业实践有助于它们的传播.
- 可生物降解微塑料对土壤ARG的环境影响尚不清楚,尽管它们被推广为可持续的替代品.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同类型的微塑料 (传统的和可生物降解的) 对具有不同化肥历史的土壤中ARG和移动遗传元素 (MGE) 的影响.
- 评估微塑料增强水平基因转移和改变土壤细菌群落的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用长期受精的土壤进行化实验 (没有施肥,使用化学肥料,使用猪).
- 土壤暴露于四种微塑料类型:聚乙烯 (PE),聚乙烯 (PVC),聚乳酸 (PLA) 和聚乙烯基酸盐 (PBAT).
- 使用高通量定量PCR对329种ARG亚型和34种MGE进行量化.
主要成果:
- 猪 (PM) 受精的土壤显示出最高的初始ARG丰度.
- 可生物降解的微塑料 (PLA和PBAT) 显著丰富了ARG,分别为21.5%和47.9%.
- 微塑料暴露增加了水平基因转移潜力,并促进了ARG宿主细菌种群的生长,如蛋白质细菌.
结论:
- 可生物降解的微塑料可以加剧农业土壤中的ARG污染,挑战它们的"环保"地位.
- 施肥史和微塑料类型相互作用,影响土壤抵抗力.
- 这些发现对塑料管理和农业生态系统中ARG风险控制具有重要意义.
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