浮游草地鱼群对亚马逊河下游泛滥平原森林覆盖面的值反应
Sam Grinstead1, Caroline C Arantes1, Kirk O Winemiller2
1School of Natural Resources and the Environment, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
概括
森林覆盖面对亚马逊鱼类至关重要. 森林覆盖面更高支持浮动草原中的鱼类更多,而森林砍伐威胁到脆弱的物种和息地.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 鱼类学 鱼类学 鱼类学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 森林覆盖面对亚马逊洪水平原的鱼类生物质和渔业产量产生积极影响.
- 亚马逊洪水平原的浮动草原 (巨型植物床) 是重要的鱼类息地,支持高多样性,并作为商业重要物种的关键育种场地.
研究的目的:
- 评估浮动草原的鱼类丰度变化,与森林覆盖面和当地环境因素相对应.
- 为了识别与亚马逊泛滥平原湖泊不同程度的森林覆盖相关的鱼类和功能群.
主要方法:
- 鱼类调查是在亚马逊河下游沿着洪水平原湖泊的浮动草地进行的.
- 值指标税率分析 (TITAN2) 用于估计物种与森林覆盖面的关联.
主要成果:
- 许多鱼类物种的丰度和发生量随着森林覆盖面的增加而增加,森林覆盖面大约增加了40%.
- 对森林砍伐敏感的物种迅速减少,森林覆盖率约为9%和20%.
- 小体,静止物种 (平衡/机会主义策略) 和Cichlidae/Characidae是高森林覆盖率的指标;大体,迁徙物种 (周期性/中间策略) 和Serrasalmidae表示森林覆盖率低.
结论:
- 亚马逊浮动草原中的鱼群与森林覆盖密切相关.
- 森林砍伐对鱼类的多样性和结构构成重大风险,特别是影响依赖完整森林生态系统的物种.
- 结果可以为预测鱼类社区对森林砍伐的反应提供信息,并指导亚马逊水生息地的保护战略.
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