鼻腔粘膜中COVID-19相关的变化:从炎症和上皮细胞概况分析的见解
Pranav Donkada1, B Vishnu1, Senthil Murugan2
1MBBS (Final Year) Student, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Journal of family medicine and primary care
|August 15, 2025
概括
COVID-19 感染会改变鼻腔免疫细胞,增加中性粒细胞和上皮细胞,同时减少其他细胞. 炎症细胞比率,如中性粒细胞与色素粒细胞的比率,可以帮助诊断COVID-19.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 主要通过向血管酶转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体感染鼻腔.
- 了解对鼻腔粘膜的免疫影响对于COVID-19诊断和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较COVID-19疑似患者鼻腔粘膜中的炎症和上皮细胞数量.
- 为了确定COVID-19中炎症细胞比率的诊断效用.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及75名COVID-19疑似患者的横截面研究.
- 收集了鼻涂抹,使用帕帕尼科劳测试 (PAP) 染色,并分析细胞计数.
- 通过实时聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 确认了COVID-19状态.
主要成果:
- 与阴性患者相比,COVID-19阳性患者的中性粒细胞 (42.08) 和上皮细胞 (45.80) 的平均数量较高.
- 在COVID-19阳性患者中,乙氨基基细胞 (6.68),淋巴细胞 (4.48),质细胞 (0.84) 和巨细胞 (0.12) 的平均数量较低.
- 在COVID-19阳性个体中观察到高的中性粒细胞-eosinophil (7.30) 和中性粒细胞-lymphocyte (14.06) 的比率.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 感染会在鼻腔粘膜内引起明显的免疫变化.
- 中性粒细胞对乙氨基粒细胞和中性粒细胞对淋巴细胞的比率显示出作为COVID-19可靠的诊断生物标志物的潜力.
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