关于社区参与的流行病学和废除可能性的评论,包括对工人健康状况的案例研究
Elizabeth S McClure1, Pavithra Vasudevan2, Cherrel K Manley1
1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Annals of epidemiology
|August 15, 2025
概括
职业流行病学可以通过检查炼厂的有毒暴露来支持环境正义. 然而,目前的方法往往忽视了种族差异和社区关切,限制了它们在解决健康不平等方面的有效性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业流行病学 职业流行病学
- 环境正义 环境正义
背景情况:
- 炼具有显著的有毒暴露风险.
- 北卡罗来纳州巴丁的黑人工人和他们的家人经历了与阿尔科亚炼业务 (1915-2007) 相关的不良健康结果.
- 现有的职业流行病学文献不足以解决社区表达的担忧和差异.
研究的目的:
- 评估职业流行病学在促进环境正义方面的潜力和局限性.
- 为了调查在炼厂暴露于毒素的黑人工人的健康差异.
- 探索社区知情的方法,以了解职业健康影响.
主要方法:
- 对工作暴露轨迹和死亡率进行了定量分析.
- 开发了一个协作式的,开放式的家庭调查,以获得有关工作史,病史和担忧的定性数据.
- 整合社区成员对研究设计和数据收集的洞察力.
主要成果:
- 在工人中工作暴露轨迹的记录差异.
- 揭示了炼厂工人和普通人口之间的死亡率差异.
- 定性数据突出了社区对有毒物质暴露和传统方法无法捕捉的歧视的担忧.
结论:
- 当代职业流行病学在解决根植于结构性种族主义的健康差异方面存在方法上的局限性.
- 社区合作的方法可以扩大有关职业暴露的科学知识基础.
- 这项研究支持开发一种"废除流行病学",以消除健康不平等.
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