与在军事训练环境中的作战活动中脑震荡相关的因素
Michael J Aderman1, Megan H Roach2, Katelyn Ward1
1John Feagin Orthopedic Research Department, Keller Army Hospital, West Point, NY 10996, USA.
Journal of sport and health science
|August 16, 2025
概括
女性军事学员,那些在简要症状清单 (BSI) 和平衡错误评分系统 (BESS) 上的基线得分较高的人,以及有头痛史的人在战斗人员训练中面临脑震荡风险增加. 参与高接触体育运动与脑震荡的几率较低有关.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 军人卫生保健 军人卫生保健
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 战斗训练对于军事准备至关重要,但高脑震荡率 (100次暴露每20.8次) 构成重大风险.
- 伤害缓解策略已经到位,但脑震荡在拳击,柔道,武术和手对手作战训练中仍然很普遍.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定与在军事战斗训练期间持续脑震荡的更高可能性相关的伤害前因素.
- 在军事训练环境中,为制定有针对性的伤害预防策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究分析了四所军事服务学院 (2014-2020) 的17681名参与者的数据.
- 收集了人口统计数据,脑震荡史,头痛史和基线平衡错误评分系统 (BESS) 和简要症状清单 (BSI) 评分.
- 单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型评估了受伤前特征和脑震荡发生率之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 与男性相比,女性参与者患脑震荡的几率是男性的1.71倍.
- 较高的BSI (OR=1.03) 和BESS (OR=1.02) 总分,以及有头痛史 (OR=1.43) 与脑震荡概率的增加显著相关.
- 参与高接触体育运动与0.52的赔率比率有关,这表明脑震荡风险较低.
结论:
- 女性性别,基线BSI和BESS得分升高,以及先前的头痛史是军事战斗训练中脑震荡的重要风险因素.
- 参与高接触体育运动可能会对与战斗有关的脑震荡产生保护作用.
- 这些发现强调了需要量身定制战斗性培训计划,以减轻与已确定的人口和临床因素相关的风险.
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